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Cisco constantly releasing new versions of the Cisco iOS, which include new features as well as resolve

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issues such as bugs in the iOS.

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In this video, we'll look at upgrading Cisco iOS images

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the high-level steps are that you firstly need to select and download the correct iOS image for your

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router.

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You then need to verify connectivity to your TFTP server where you've downloaded and stored the new iOS

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image.

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You should verify that your router has sufficient flash memory space for the new iOS image, and then you

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copy the iOS file from the TFTP server to the router, you then configure the router to boot using the

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new Cisco iOS image and then lastly, reload the router so that it reboots and loads the new iOS image

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into memory.

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In this example, I've got an 1841 router, so show version shows me the platform.

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We are running currently the Cisco iOS 1841 software

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so this is the current release and version of software that we're running.

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This is the boot ROM operating system version

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and once again, this is a Cisco 1841 router. So on the Cisco website, I've gone to support and downloads

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and I'm going to select 1841 Integrated Services Router.

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I'm going to select software on Chassis

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and in this example, I'm going to look at Cisco IOS images rather than ROM monitor or other operating

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systems

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and what you need to do now is download the relevant version of iOS.

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Now it's important that the D RAM and Flash B large enough for the operating system that you're

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downloading.

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This router has this amount of memory, so you need to add those two together.

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So that's this amount plus this amount

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which gives us about 130 meg of RAM.

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We've got about 62 meg of flash, so my router would not be able to use this version of operating system

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because the RAM and Flash requirements are greater than what this router currently has installed.

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So very importantly, make sure that your router can support both the DRAM and flash requirements

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of any new operating system that you download from Cisco.

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So click on the download link to download the operating system, you need to login and make sure that

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you have a service contract.

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So do that and then download the operating system to your local PC.

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In my example, I'm going to use this operating system, which I've already downloaded.

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You're going to want to make sure that your router has enough Flash space for the new image that you're

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downloading. So use the command show flash to ensure that the amount of available space is enough for

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the image that you want to copy to flash. On my example, I've already copied this image.

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The image is only 15 meg in size and I have enough space in Flash to copy another version of this image

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or a different image into the flash of the router.

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At the moment, this router is using this operating system

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12.4-2.T4 that can be seen in the Flash of the router, so this is the image that's being used.

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Let's pretend that we are going to upgrade the router to a newer version, even though it's the

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same.

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I'll show you the full process.

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So what you would do is download the relevant operating system from Cisco and put it in your TFTP servers

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directory.

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In this example, I'm using solarwinds and this is the directory that the TFTP server is pointing to.

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So you would type copy in this example, TFTP

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Flash

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press enter.

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What is the IP address of the TFTP server?

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So in my example, it's 192.168.1.199.

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What is the source file that we want to copy?

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So that file make sure that you put the bin extension in the file name.

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What is the destination file name in this example?

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I'll make it file 2.

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We are warned that that file already exists.

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Do we want to override it? And in this example, I'm going to override it so that file will be overridden

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with this new file that's copied down from the TFTP server.

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So we can see some messages on the TFTP servers stating that the file has been fetched, so there's a get

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message.

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We can see the file being copied down to the router from the TFTP server.

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That'll take a while and the length of time depends on how large the iOS file is and what kind of connection

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you've got between the TFTP server and the router.

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If you're doing this across a WAN or wide area network, as an example, it could take a lot longer.

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Now, in that example, there was a problem where part of the file wasn't successfully copied, but

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here it won't be a problem, even though we're using TFTP because the TFTP protocol has retransmissions

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and checks of files received.

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So even though user datagram protocol or UDP is being used, the TFTP protocol ensures that the full file

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is copied

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and we can see that we had a check of the file that succeeded so the file was copied successfully.

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So once again, in Flash, this is the file that we've copied down and now we can tell the router to

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boot the system from the flash and the file that we're going to use is this new file.

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So I've added that command to the running-config once again at the moment, it's not using that file,

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it's using this file

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so T4.bin

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but we have now told the router to use T4_2 so it's a different file to the original file

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that the router is using.

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So I'll save the configuration and then I'll reload the roster.

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So when the router boots now it will use this new file rather than the previous file as the operating

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system that's loaded into memory.

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I'll speed up the boot process in the video to save you the time of watching the router boot up.

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OK, so router is booted up, I'll press enter to continue, 

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put in my relevant password, 

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show version, 

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shows us now that it's using the T4_2.bin file, so it's now using the new operating system

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that we downloaded from the TFTP server.

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It's not using the original file that we had in flash, 

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it's using this file rather than this file.