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OK let's talk about advance string so everything we can show you is not going to be used in this course

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but I still think it's important to know and there's some important syntax in here to know as well in

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just different ways to handle the information that is in front of you.

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So let's go ahead and just print out a string or let's make a string first.

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Let's do a string of my name and we'll just say my name is heat and similar to before.

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If we printed out our name we could say print my name and then if I wanted to print the first initial

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of my name or first letter in my name I would just do something like this right.

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So this should be familiar.

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And if we wanted to print out the last letter we get to say negative one that should be familiar to

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you from the list lesson.

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So we go ahead and we print this way to say Python 3 and we do our new script again.

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You can see that we have big H and a little H because my name ends in both starts and ends in.

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So we could also do something like take a sentence and we could say a sentence.

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This is a sentence.

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And if we wanted to print out the first word of the sentence we would have to know the amount of letters

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in it.

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So we know here that there is one two three four.

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So this would be zero through three.

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So let's say if we wanted to print out a sentence here and we knew zero through three.

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So remember we don't have to put zero.

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We could just put something like this and then if we did 3 3 it would only cut off at the I remember

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we have to go one further from our list lesson and we'll be able to print out the word this we can do

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the same with sentence.

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We can go forward a bunch if we want to or we could do a negative nine because this is nine characters

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long through seems like a negative nine through negative one would pull out that whole sentence are

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the words sentence I should say so we can manipulate data this way we can also split data so we could

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say something like print and do a sentence dot split and this will split based on a delimiter.

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Now the delimiter here is by default a space and we cover delimiter as in bash scripting and we're just

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going to say hey every time there's a space I want you to split out the sentence let's take a look at

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that looks like I made a mistake in my script I didn't spell sentence correctly which cause an error

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in the initial script.

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So let's try that again.

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So you see here it says this.

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That's what we're expecting from this one.

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And here we have this is a sentence.

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It now breaks these out into individual words based on delimiter so let's go a little bit further we

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can join a sentence as well.

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So let's have a scenario here.

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Let's say we want to split a sentence out we'll say sentence split is equal to sentence dot split.

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And now we just split up the sentence right and we're putting in this variable of sentence underscore

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a split.

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Now we could also join a sentence.

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So let's make a new variable and we'll call it sentence join.

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And here we can just say based on a delimiter I want you to put a space in between everything here.

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So every every time you see a word in this sentence split.

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So let's go ahead and join any time you see a sentence split here and there's a new word in it.

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I want you to go ahead and join those with the space and then we can go ahead and print out a sentence

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join and let's see what happens here.

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This is a sentence I've brought it all back for us.

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So not only can we take away and delimit a sentence by splitting we can also join a sentence and add

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our own delimiter in there as well

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so one of the most important things that we need to talk about is what happens if we have a quote and

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we say something like he said give me all your money.

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Well we need to add quotations in here.

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But if we do quotations like this well that's just making things are really weird right.

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Look at the color of the script.

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You can already tell it's going weird.

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That's going to throw an error.

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But we can use single quotes and double quotes and it'll work.

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We could also use single quotes here double quotes inside double quotes on the outside single quotes

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on the inside.

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And that's a way to have quotes inside of a string.

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Let's go ahead and print that out but let's say that you were insistent and you wanted to have double

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quotes and then double quotes here.

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Well we could do a little bit of character escaping so we could utilize this backslash here and say

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hey we're going to keep this string a string and then I'm going to end it right here so this will tell

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me that from here to here.

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Ignore these characters.

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Right.

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So we're gonna treat it as a string don't treat it as a quotation and end of string.

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So let's run it again and you can see that quote Once we print it we can say print quote and we'll actually

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run it here.

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He said give me all your money.

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And I realized that I tried to print earlier and probably did Princess Pogues and ever had the print

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in there.

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I'm sorry for that.

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But we could do it either way again we can put the single quotation in here and you'll see the single

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quote works but if we were to put in a double quotation it would break it.

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So I'm going to control ze a couple of times and this is what the syntax should look like.

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This is very very important.

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If there's one thing you're going to take away from Van strings please please take this away from it

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because you need to know how to do some character escaping and you will encounter that again in your

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career.

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So a couple more things.

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Let's say that we want to have a string here.

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Let's just say we'll call the string too much space and we have something like hello.

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And we just you know copy data put into this and somehow too much space in here we can strip out the

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space so we can just print too much space here and we can do the same thing as we did before and do

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something like a strip like this

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save it.

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And look what happens now.

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It's just going to print.

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Hello.

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There's no space around it.

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We're good to go.

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So that's a nice little feature.

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Another feature that we should know is let's say we had something like print a.

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An apple.

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What's this going to return

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trip.

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What it's looking for is does a exists in Apple.

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Well what if we did a lower case here.

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Try it again and you'll see that it's false.

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So it's very case sensitive.

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Well what about we wanted to say hey is there an A in the word apple.

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And we don't know if it's capitalized not capitalized.

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Well we might say something instead like hey we're looking for a letter of a.

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And we're looking for the word of Apple.

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Right.

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But what about we say print letter that lower.

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And then we say in word dot lower like this.

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Now this becomes improved because we're looking for a specific letter inside of a specific word.

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And we lowercase everything we lowercase this letter lowercase all these letters then we're looking

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for a specific letter in a word we don't have to worry about case sensitivity.

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And you will see this logic come into play when you're thinking about looking for specific items or

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specific key phrases or matching anything specifics you might want to consider putting everything in

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the lower case and then trying to find it that way unless you are critical on case sensitivity.

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So this will probably come up again in your career as you look at code.

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So we run that again.

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Now you can see that it returns back true.

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So one more thing I want to show you and there's a lot of things that we can do with advanced strings

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I don't want to beat too much into it because I really feel that this can get into overkill because

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there's so many things and tips and tricks that I can show you.

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But I really feel like some of this can be out of scope for the course but I do think that as long as

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you're taking good notes and it's valuable now you're going to have that as something to remember and

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look back upon as you do more Python development.

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So one more thing is a format so let's say that your favorite movie is the hangover and we'll just keep

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that as a string and let's just say something like print my favorite movie.

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Now we have done in the past is and we could just say scenes like this plus you know streaming if it's

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not a string or we just say movie right and then we'd have to add a period in here or something along

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those lines.

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We can improve upon this.

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Well you say my favorite movie is.

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And then we can just add a little place holder here and then put a period.

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Now what we do after this is we just say dot format and then we say movie and now it knows to put in

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the movie that we have here for the variable that we have stored in movie and knows to put it into these

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brackets here.

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We save this and watch what happens.

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My favorite movie is the hangover.

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So you don't have to do a bunch of spacing and if things get weird you know with with your your string

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or you know how to write out your sentence it's very easy to just have these place holders and then

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if things change you know it just updates easily.

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So this is a very nice way to hold things in a place holder without making these weird formatting changes.

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So I like this method as opposed to the concatenation method that I showed you in our first video on

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strings.

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So if you can take away some things today just take away that you know we have different ways of doing

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things we've shown you with the list before of the zero on the negative one I told you isn't it come

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up again.

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Just know that again zero is the first item or first letter first whatever when we're talking about

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Python and we're talking about our variables list strings.

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Always start with a zero.

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There's different ways to do the same thing and apply them across other items.

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Right.

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So I've shown you this with lists I've shown you this with strings.

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So get those wheels spinning and think about how you can utilize some things.

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Now a sentence has all different kinds of methods that we can use with it.

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And again we're just touching back on methods and making it a little bit more advanced but we you see

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that we can split a sentence.

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We can join a sentence.

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We can strip a sentence or we can strip a string.

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So understanding that there are a lot of cool methods the lower method we could do an upper method.

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We've talked about those as well knowing the different types of methods per say like a string or per

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class or however you want to combine it together is important as well.

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So always do your research when you are looking into you know how can I improve it.

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So if you're saying like hey is there a way to make something uppercase just go to Google and say hey

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how do I make a string all uppercase.

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And of course it's dot upper.

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But if you didn't know that then you know the Google machine would know that for you.

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And a lot of your code is going to be found on stack exchange or on Google etc..

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So just be aware that these things exist and be aware that there are better ways to format your strings.

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And there are important syntax when it comes to escaping your quotations as well.

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So that's it for this lesson.

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We're going to have a couple more little lessons here and then we're going to move into script building

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and then we'll be starting our hacking journey.

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So I'll catch you over in the next video.