1 00:00:00,050 --> 00:00:03,110 Now let's cover some basic Linux commands. 2 00:00:03,170 --> 00:00:05,990 The first thing we need to do is to open the terminal. 3 00:00:06,020 --> 00:00:08,450 So I'm going to click on this application. 4 00:00:08,960 --> 00:00:13,700 And then I'm going to type the password of this virtual machine which is called Osint. 5 00:00:13,700 --> 00:00:20,210 And from this terminal window we are going to use Linux commands and run some Osint tools. 6 00:00:20,270 --> 00:00:25,430 And I'm going to cover how we can use many Osint tools in a future section. 7 00:00:26,090 --> 00:00:32,630 So the first command that I would like to show you is called PWD, which will print your current working 8 00:00:32,630 --> 00:00:33,620 directory. 9 00:00:33,860 --> 00:00:35,750 So let me hit enter. 10 00:00:35,840 --> 00:00:40,580 We can see that right now we are in root as you can see. 11 00:00:40,610 --> 00:00:44,900 So let me open the file explorer as root. 12 00:00:48,170 --> 00:00:55,550 And if I change my directory to root we can see that there is a folder called GitHub tools. 13 00:00:56,120 --> 00:01:02,840 So how can we display all folders and files that are in our current working directory? 14 00:01:03,380 --> 00:01:09,780 To do this all we have to do is just to type ls, which will list all the folders and files in our current 15 00:01:09,780 --> 00:01:10,860 working directory. 16 00:01:10,860 --> 00:01:14,460 And since we are in root, then we should see this folder. 17 00:01:15,420 --> 00:01:16,650 So let me hit enter. 18 00:01:16,650 --> 00:01:20,490 And as you can see this is the folder that is in root. 19 00:01:21,180 --> 00:01:26,340 The next command that I would like to show you will change your working directory. 20 00:01:26,340 --> 00:01:31,500 So let's say that you would like to change your directory to this folder. 21 00:01:32,070 --> 00:01:35,070 So to enter this folder all we have to do just to type CD. 22 00:01:35,550 --> 00:01:37,500 And then the folder name. 23 00:01:37,500 --> 00:01:40,740 So I'm going to type GitHub minus tools. 24 00:01:40,740 --> 00:01:44,010 Or you can type the first letters of the file or the folder. 25 00:01:44,010 --> 00:01:51,060 So I'm going to say G and then click on tab on my keyboard which will autocomplete the folder name. 26 00:01:51,270 --> 00:01:53,100 So I'm going to hit enter. 27 00:01:53,100 --> 00:01:57,180 And right now we are in the GitHub tools directory. 28 00:01:57,210 --> 00:02:00,420 So let me say pwd and hit enter. 29 00:02:00,420 --> 00:02:04,530 And as you can see right now we are in root GitHub tools. 30 00:02:08,100 --> 00:02:12,480 So let me go to the folders that are in this directory. 31 00:02:12,480 --> 00:02:13,830 So I'm going to say CD. 32 00:02:14,250 --> 00:02:20,830 And since I do not know what files and folders that are in this directory, I always like to click on 33 00:02:20,830 --> 00:02:26,470 tab once, which will autocomplete the folder name, and then I'm going to hit enter. 34 00:02:27,460 --> 00:02:30,940 Now let's say that I would like to move to the previous directory. 35 00:02:30,940 --> 00:02:34,030 So right now I am in TJ Osint notebook. 36 00:02:34,030 --> 00:02:37,240 And I would like to come back to GitHub tools. 37 00:02:37,330 --> 00:02:43,390 So to do this I'm going to use the same command that I've used before CD and then space and then double 38 00:02:43,390 --> 00:02:45,520 dots and then hit enter. 39 00:02:45,520 --> 00:02:48,760 And this will take me back to the GitHub tools. 40 00:02:49,870 --> 00:02:56,350 Now if I would like to use previous commands that I've used before, then I can click on the up arrow 41 00:02:56,500 --> 00:02:59,470 and you can see that this is the last command that we have used. 42 00:02:59,470 --> 00:03:01,810 And if you would like to use the previous one. 43 00:03:01,810 --> 00:03:05,020 So I'm going to click on the up arrow again. 44 00:03:05,020 --> 00:03:10,630 And you can keep doing this until you find the command that you would like to execute again. 45 00:03:11,860 --> 00:03:17,440 Now let's say that you would like to know what a certain command does and what options that you can 46 00:03:17,440 --> 00:03:19,990 use with a certain command. 47 00:03:20,290 --> 00:03:27,110 In this case, we can use the manual command like this, followed by the name of the command that you 48 00:03:27,110 --> 00:03:29,420 would like to find it's manual. 49 00:03:29,630 --> 00:03:32,390 So I'm going to say LZ and hit enter. 50 00:03:32,390 --> 00:03:37,670 And as you can see this will tell us that this tool will list directories content. 51 00:03:37,670 --> 00:03:41,390 And here we can see a full description of this tool. 52 00:03:41,690 --> 00:03:45,110 We can also see that we can use arguments with this command. 53 00:03:45,110 --> 00:03:50,150 So we can see that we can use minus a, minus B, etc.. 54 00:03:50,240 --> 00:03:55,130 Now to exit the manual all you have to do is just to type Q on your keyboard. 55 00:03:55,160 --> 00:03:58,010 And now we have come back to our terminal. 56 00:03:58,910 --> 00:04:04,100 There is another command that you can use similar to man, which is called help. 57 00:04:04,100 --> 00:04:08,780 That will show you the arguments that you can use with a certain tool. 58 00:04:08,960 --> 00:04:15,350 So all you have to do just to type for example, the tool name LZ for example, and then minus minus 59 00:04:15,350 --> 00:04:17,480 help and then hit enter. 60 00:04:17,480 --> 00:04:23,450 And as you can see these are the arguments that you can use with this tool. 61 00:04:25,850 --> 00:04:32,850 For example, let's use the minus l argument which will use a long listing format providing more information 62 00:04:32,850 --> 00:04:37,320 about the folders and files in our current working directory. 63 00:04:37,350 --> 00:04:45,630 So I'm going to hit enter and then say LS minus L and then hit enter, which will give us more information 64 00:04:45,630 --> 00:04:47,010 about this folder. 65 00:04:47,820 --> 00:04:55,710 So we can see the creation time, the folder size, the group and owner of this folder and the permissions. 66 00:04:56,910 --> 00:05:03,510 Now there will be a link in the description that contains a number of Linux commands that you can use. 67 00:05:03,540 --> 00:05:08,280 Now obviously you don't need to learn all of these commands. 68 00:05:08,280 --> 00:05:13,710 These are all commands that you will learn as you use Linux more often. 69 00:05:14,580 --> 00:05:16,650 But you can see the command name. 70 00:05:16,650 --> 00:05:23,190 For example, here we have CP and the description which will copy one or more files to another location. 71 00:05:24,300 --> 00:05:30,990 Now most Linux tools that you are going to use use only the command line interface and do not have a 72 00:05:30,990 --> 00:05:32,580 graphical user interface. 73 00:05:32,580 --> 00:05:37,470 And we are going to learn how to use all of these tools in a future section.