It's interesting enough to understand the history of cybersecurity because security has come a very
long way over the past half century, starting out as a bit of a practical joke between colleagues back
in the 1960s.
The steady rise of technology in the years that have followed now has made information security a huge
issue.
Even large companies that you may be knowing, like Yahoo, Microsoft and Google, have each been targeted
by hackers in the past decade.
Plus, while cyber safety has improved hugely over the years, we all know one of a very important cyberattack
that is 2017 is one.
A cyberattack proved that it is not just information security that has evolved over the years, but
even hackers and computer viruses have to very 1960s.
It was during the 1960s when organizations first started to become more protective of their information
systems.
They started to think about how they can protect the data, how they can, you know, protect these
systems from external attacks.
During this time, there was no Internet or network to worry about.
So security was largely focused more on physical measures and preventing access to people with enough
knowledge about how to work a computer in order to do this.
In 1960s, passwords and multiple layers of security protection were added to the devices for these
safety measures are also implemented to ensure that the stored data was protected.
After all, there was no iCloud available back in those days, so computers had to be secured by different
means.
1970S saw the crypto program.
Now cybersecurity history began with a research project in the 1970s on what was then known as the ARPANET.
That is the Advanced Research Projects Agency network.
A researcher named Bob Thomas created a computer program which was able to move the app on its network,
leaving a small trail wherever it meant.
He named that program as the Crepeau program because of its printed message that was left like I am
the Crepeau Catch me if you can then read Thomlinson.
That is the man who invented the e-mail later designed the program, which took crypto to the next level,
making it the self replicating and the first ever computer.
Now, Thomas and Danielson's programs may have been designed as a bit of mess around, but again, they
actually served a highly important purpose, revealing a number of laws in the ARPANET.
1980S devoid of Internet.
Now, over the years that followed, computers started to become more and more connected to computer
viruses also became an issue as they also changed to advance technologies.
The Russians, for example, began using cyber power as a weapon.
No offense to Russia, it just the history that I'm telling you.
So when it comes to the Russians, again, along with the Russians, even German computer hacker Marcos
has used to steal the U.S. military secrets.
Two years later, in 1988, the board of the world famous.
Um, Harris.
I'm sorry, Maurice.
What if I'm right?
Um, let me.
Yeah, it's Morris Worm Morris, who was one of the major turning point in the history of information
security.
Network usage began to expand rapidly and more and more universities, militaries and governments became
connected to it.
That meant that the security measures required had to gradually become more expensive as well.
Now, the more one, which is named after its inventor, Robert Morris, the worm was designed to propagate
across network, infiltrate the terminals using a known bug and then copy itself.
However, its ability to self replicate would be to downfall as worms replicated so aggressively that
it rendered the targeted computers inoperable and slowed the Internet to a crawl in peace.
Now, this modest home lead to the formation of computer emergency response team, that is the third
in order to prevent further issues and cyber attacks.
1990S saw the rise of firewall's now with the Internet becoming available to the public, more and more
people began putting their personal information online because of this organized crime.
And he saw this as a potential source of revenue and started to steal data from people and the government
through the Internet.
By the middle of the 90s, network security threats had increased exponentially and firewalls and antivirus
programs had to be produced on a mass basis to protect the public.
It was a NASA researcher who created the very first firewall program following a computer virus attack
at the California base.
The researcher and their team created a virtual firewall, which they modeled on the physical structures
that prevent the spread of actual fires within the buildings or structures.
In 2000, I'm sorry, it's going backwards, OK?
In 2000, security laws were introduced, so governments began to clamp down on the criminality of hacking,
giving much more serious sentences to those hackers.
Information security continued to advanced as the Internet grew, but unfortunately, the viruses were
also growing.
Hackers quickly became able to create viruses that could not, not or not.
They could not only target the specific organizations, but they again targeted the whole cities, states
and even continents as well.
2010 was the era of major breaches.
So in 2013, Edward Snowden, a former CIA employee and a contractor for the U.S. government, copied
and leaked classified information from the National Security Agency.
So that was one major breach in 2014.
The Yahoo!
Incident was very famous.
Yahoo was attacked and the total revenue decreased by around three hundred and fifty million dollars.
If I'm not wrong and 2017 was vulnerable to attack, which is very popular, if you ask anyone about
one of the targets, very famous Volgograd targeted computers running the Microsoft Windows operating
system and demanded ransom payments in the Bitcoin cryptocurrency.
In only one day, the worm infected over 20 to 30 hundred thousand computers across 150 countries.
So and they demanded a huge ransom.
So while each of these data breaches were incredibly severe, thankfully a number of companies exist
to offer solutions.
So it's not at all bad.
It was just a history of security.
However, on a more personal level, it is vital for you to understand why security is important.
And that is why I wanted to give you an overview of history of cybersecurity.
Just imagine yourself in 1990s where there were no security, the people that there were no firewalls
or, you know, people were expert in security.
If you lost something, just consider it's gone.
But today, there are many tools and techniques through which you can even recover the lost files.
So this was the history of cybersecurity.
In the next lecture, we are going to talk about the key items that you need to understand before you
move ahead.
In the course, we're going to discuss a lot of terms.
So stay tuned and keep the momentum going.
I will see you in the next lecture.