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Probably the most well-known network layer protocol is, of course, IP or Internet protocol.

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As I mentioned in the beginning of the course.

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The Internet protocol, or IP, is responsible for addressing hosts.

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Encapsulating data into packets or data grims, including fragmentation and reassembly.

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And routing packets from a source host to a destination host across one or more IP networks.

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So like other layer three protocols, IP is connection less, which means it doesn't care whether the

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packet has reached the destination or not.

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That's what Layer four is for.

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All right, so there are two versions of IP that currently coexist within a global Internet IP version

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four or IP four and IP Version six or IPV six, IP addresses are made up of binary values and drive

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the routing of all data over the Internet IPV for addresses or 32 bits long and IPV six addresses are

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128 bits long.

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Right now, we're going to see each of the versions in detail, but before we move on, let's compare

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the main features of each version.

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IPV four is a 32 bit address and IPV six is a 128 bit address.

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Now, theoretically, you can address two to the power of 32 devices in IPV four, which is about four

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point three billion.

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Right.

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In IPV six, on the other hand, you can address two to the power of one hundred twenty eight devices,

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which is well well let's see, why don't you just do the math on your own.

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So IPV four is represented by the decimal equivalent of four octets separated by dots, the biggest

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number one can make with eight binary digits is two to the power of eight minus one, which means two

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hundred and fifty five.

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So each octet can be any number from zero to two.

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Five five.

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Right.

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Now, 128 bit IPV six addresses are written using hexadecimal as opposed to dotted decimal in IPV four

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because a hexadecimal number uses Forbert, this means that an IPv6 address consists of 32 hexadecimal

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numbers.

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These numbers are grouped in fours, giving eight groups or bloks.

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The groups are written with a colon as a separator.