1 00:00:00,350 --> 00:00:03,410 Hello, my name is Typhoon and welcome to another lecture of our course. 2 00:00:03,440 --> 00:00:08,990 In this lecture of our course, you will learn about the traversing directories and you will use the 3 00:00:08,990 --> 00:00:10,760 absolute directories for references. 4 00:00:10,760 --> 00:00:12,110 So let's get started. 5 00:00:26,260 --> 00:00:32,920 So you can you change the directory to move your shell session to another directory in the Linux file 6 00:00:32,920 --> 00:00:33,400 system? 7 00:00:33,400 --> 00:00:37,450 So this CD command, this syntax is pretty simple. 8 00:00:37,450 --> 00:00:43,960 So you first enter the CD, which means change directory, and after that you enter the destination 9 00:00:43,960 --> 00:00:44,320 here. 10 00:00:44,320 --> 00:00:48,220 So the CD command may take a single argument as a destination here. 11 00:00:48,220 --> 00:00:51,670 So you will enter destination here. 12 00:00:51,670 --> 00:00:55,810 So which this destination specifies a directory you want to go. 13 00:00:56,020 --> 00:01:02,350 So if you don't specify a destination on the CD command, it takes you to your home directory here. 14 00:01:02,350 --> 00:01:10,000 So if you make it like that, CD downloads and after that CD and as you can see here we go to Home Directory 15 00:01:10,000 --> 00:01:10,630 again. 16 00:01:10,630 --> 00:01:17,860 So you will in this chapter you will learn the um, each of these methods and you will learn about the 17 00:01:17,860 --> 00:01:24,640 differences between these two methods are important to understand as you traverse the file system so 18 00:01:24,640 --> 00:01:31,220 you can reference a directory name with within the virtual directory system using the absolute directory 19 00:01:31,220 --> 00:01:31,730 reference. 20 00:01:31,730 --> 00:01:37,070 So the absolute directory reference defines exactly where the directory is in the virtual directory 21 00:01:37,070 --> 00:01:39,080 structure and starting at the root. 22 00:01:39,080 --> 00:01:44,120 So think of the absolute directory reference as the full name for the directory. 23 00:01:44,150 --> 00:01:52,190 So an absolute directory reference always begins with a forward slash indicating the virtual directory 24 00:01:52,190 --> 00:01:53,450 system's root. 25 00:01:53,450 --> 00:02:01,040 So fuse to reference user binaries contained within the user directories. 26 00:02:01,310 --> 00:02:08,120 Bind bind some directory here so you you will use so user here and here you can. 27 00:02:08,420 --> 00:02:12,860 As you can see whenever I click to the tab here, oops, here. 28 00:02:12,950 --> 00:02:20,570 So whenever I click the tab button on my keyboard it will show make. 29 00:02:21,320 --> 00:02:24,950 Uh, possible inputs for my command here. 30 00:02:24,950 --> 00:02:29,330 So in this case, we will enter the bin here so usr bin. 31 00:02:29,330 --> 00:02:32,600 And as you can see, we changed our directory to usr bin. 32 00:02:32,600 --> 00:02:36,470 So there's no w as to exactly where you want to go. 33 00:02:36,470 --> 00:02:41,990 So to move to a specific location on the file system using the absolute directory or reference, you 34 00:02:41,990 --> 00:02:46,250 just specify the path name in the C command. 35 00:02:46,250 --> 00:02:47,780 So we can also do like that. 36 00:02:47,780 --> 00:02:49,460 For example, let's make it go to home. 37 00:02:49,460 --> 00:02:55,220 And as you can see, we are in the home and let's go to user bin user. 38 00:02:56,530 --> 00:02:57,490 USR bin. 39 00:02:59,580 --> 00:03:03,990 And as you can see here, we changed our directory to usr bin here. 40 00:03:04,830 --> 00:03:14,280 Also, did you notice that the this example that the prompt originally had a title here, had a title 41 00:03:14,280 --> 00:03:21,270 in it, and after that change to Native Directory occurred, the title was replaced by being here. 42 00:03:21,270 --> 00:03:22,310 As you can see here. 43 00:03:22,320 --> 00:03:28,860 Firstly, we had a title here, but whenever we clicked and changed the directory there, we showed 44 00:03:28,860 --> 00:03:30,470 us that we are you. 45 00:03:30,510 --> 00:03:34,920 We are at a different directory other than our home directory here. 46 00:03:34,920 --> 00:03:40,680 So this is where the command line interface prompt can help you keep track of where you are in the virtual 47 00:03:40,680 --> 00:03:41,730 directory structure. 48 00:03:41,730 --> 00:03:47,970 So the tiled indicates that your cell session is located in your home directory. 49 00:03:47,970 --> 00:03:48,750 Like this, for example. 50 00:03:48,750 --> 00:03:52,710 Let's go to home and as you can see, we are in the home now. 51 00:03:53,570 --> 00:04:00,530 So after you move out of your home directory, the partial directory reference is shown in the prompt. 52 00:04:00,530 --> 00:04:03,220 So if the prompt has been configured to do so. 53 00:04:03,230 --> 00:04:10,100 So if your prompt has not been configured to show the shell session current absolute directory location, 54 00:04:10,100 --> 00:04:13,970 then you can display the location via a shell command. 55 00:04:14,000 --> 00:04:22,450 The WD command displays the shell session's current directory location, which is called the present 56 00:04:22,460 --> 00:04:22,760 actual. 57 00:04:22,760 --> 00:04:24,380 Let me write it right here. 58 00:04:24,380 --> 00:04:25,160 So. 59 00:04:26,330 --> 00:04:28,880 So this called present. 60 00:04:33,140 --> 00:04:34,220 Working. 61 00:04:39,070 --> 00:04:39,910 Directory. 62 00:04:46,970 --> 00:04:47,360 Here. 63 00:04:47,360 --> 00:04:52,580 As you can see, p w d means that present working directory. 64 00:04:52,580 --> 00:05:02,180 So if you write the D here and as you can see, we printed us the our working directory in our shell 65 00:05:02,180 --> 00:05:02,390 here. 66 00:05:02,390 --> 00:05:14,450 So if we go to user bin CD user bin or again CD bin here and whenever we write the p w d present working 67 00:05:14,450 --> 00:05:14,870 directory. 68 00:05:14,870 --> 00:05:18,260 And as you can see here, we printed our current working directory. 69 00:05:18,260 --> 00:05:23,600 As you can see, these are not the same because we changed our working directory. 70 00:05:24,110 --> 00:05:30,530 So you can move to any level within the entire Linux virtual directory structure from any level. 71 00:05:30,530 --> 00:05:39,140 Using the absolute directory reference, we can also go to, for example, CD actual let's clear the, 72 00:05:39,140 --> 00:05:41,720 we can also go to CD var log here. 73 00:05:41,720 --> 00:05:44,840 And as you can see here, we got to var log. 74 00:05:44,840 --> 00:05:52,650 So this changed here and whenever we write the CD and as you can see here, we are seeing our working 75 00:05:52,650 --> 00:05:53,400 directory now. 76 00:05:53,400 --> 00:05:58,950 So you can also quickly jump to your home directory from any level within the Linux virtual directory 77 00:05:58,950 --> 00:06:01,470 structure with just a simple CD command. 78 00:06:01,470 --> 00:06:05,100 And as you can see here we are in the home now. 79 00:06:05,100 --> 00:06:11,040 However, if you are just working with your own home directory structure, often using the absolute 80 00:06:11,040 --> 00:06:13,290 directory references can get tedious. 81 00:06:13,290 --> 00:06:20,700 So for example, if you are already in the directory of our home column, it seems somewhat cumbersome 82 00:06:20,700 --> 00:06:22,920 to have to type this command. 83 00:06:22,920 --> 00:06:31,920 So CD home Kali and after that documents here or Kali two downloads here and as you can see we got two 84 00:06:31,950 --> 00:06:36,130 downloads so you can just get to your documents directory. 85 00:06:36,150 --> 00:06:40,770 Fortunately, there is a simpler solution we can use the instead of using. 86 00:06:40,770 --> 00:06:43,530 So actually let me write that down here. 87 00:06:43,530 --> 00:06:50,400 So in this here, this whole lecture, we use the absolute absolute. 88 00:06:52,180 --> 00:06:53,160 Or actually we can. 89 00:06:53,170 --> 00:06:56,680 So we use the absolute path. 90 00:06:57,310 --> 00:06:59,560 Directory APD. 91 00:07:00,100 --> 00:07:03,320 But now we're going to use the relative directory. 92 00:07:03,340 --> 00:07:05,770 Relative directory here. 93 00:07:05,770 --> 00:07:09,190 So now in order to do that, this is just a simple here. 94 00:07:09,190 --> 00:07:15,810 So instead of writing CD home Kali Linux download, now we can just write here. 95 00:07:15,820 --> 00:07:17,590 Actually, let's go to our. 96 00:07:19,430 --> 00:07:21,920 Here's clear CD. 97 00:07:21,920 --> 00:07:23,540 So we are in the home directory. 98 00:07:23,890 --> 00:07:26,840 CD As you can see, we are in the home directory now. 99 00:07:27,350 --> 00:07:32,720 In order to go to downloads again, just right, it downloads and see the downloads. 100 00:07:32,720 --> 00:07:35,780 And as you can see here, we got into the downloads here. 101 00:07:35,780 --> 00:07:42,170 So relative directory references, lawsuit, a specific destination directory reference relative to 102 00:07:42,170 --> 00:07:43,490 your current location. 103 00:07:43,490 --> 00:07:48,890 So a relative directory reference doesn't start with the forward slash as you can see here. 104 00:07:49,700 --> 00:07:55,100 Instead, a relative directory reference starts with either a directory name, so if you are reversing 105 00:07:55,130 --> 00:08:01,040 to a directory under your current directory or a special character, for example, if you are in your 106 00:08:01,040 --> 00:08:08,720 home directory and want to move to your here downloads directory or downloads sub directory, you can 107 00:08:08,720 --> 00:08:12,860 use the CD command along with a relative directory reference. 108 00:08:12,860 --> 00:08:15,860 So here, let's actually go to a different here. 109 00:08:15,860 --> 00:08:18,200 So CD pictures. 110 00:08:18,230 --> 00:08:20,870 Oops, do do we have pictures here? 111 00:08:22,210 --> 00:08:22,810 Yeah. 112 00:08:23,890 --> 00:08:24,610 And as you can see. 113 00:08:24,610 --> 00:08:26,590 Yeah, see the pictures. 114 00:08:27,100 --> 00:08:31,900 And as you can see, we changed our directory to pictures and. 115 00:08:31,900 --> 00:08:32,300 Yeah. 116 00:08:32,330 --> 00:08:32,740 P.w.d.. 117 00:08:32,860 --> 00:08:35,620 And as you can see, we are in the pictures directory. 118 00:08:35,620 --> 00:08:44,350 So in this example I want to note that the no forward slashes, the no forward slashes was used. 119 00:08:44,350 --> 00:08:51,190 So instead of relative directory reference was used and preset, the work directory was changed from 120 00:08:51,190 --> 00:08:59,140 our home collie to home collie pictures with or downloads with less. 121 00:08:59,140 --> 00:09:01,350 Um with less typing. 122 00:09:01,360 --> 00:09:03,160 I'm waiting you in the next lecture.